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1. Michael T. Rossler, MS1
2. William Terrill, PhD1

1. 1Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

1. William Terrill, Michigan State University, School of Criminal Justice, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA Email: terrillw{at}msu.edu

Abstract

Policing research has generally focused on easily measured outcome factors such as response time, force usage, and arrest. Empirical studies examining outcomes important to public legitimacy, such as police responsiveness, are less prevalent in the literature. Using observational and interview data from two medium sized cities (Indianapolis, Indiana, and St. Petersburg, Florida), the present inquiry examines how officers respond to noncoercive citizen requests for service during encounters, and the impact that situational and officer characteristics have on their willingness to comply with requests. Results indicate that officers comply with a majority of citizen requests, and even when they do not comply they often provide an explanation why. Encounters involving respectful citizens, wealthier citizens, White officers, and St. Petersburg officers were all more likely to result in compliance, while officers were less likely to comply with requests from younger and older citizens. moreover, encounters involving White citizens, a greater number of citizen bystanders, and officers with a higher level of education all reduced the likelihood that officers would provide an explanation for denying citizen requests. Policy implications and recommendations for future research and theoretical development are discussed.

Article Notes

• Michael T. Rossler is a doctoral student in the School of Criminal Justice at Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States. his research interests involve police-community relationships, police strategies, and organizational development.

• William Terrill is an associate professor in the School of Criminal Justice at Michigan State University. his research centers on police behavior, with an emphasis on police use of force policies and practices. He has published numerous scholarly articles, chapters, and reports, as well as a book titled Police Coercion: Application of the Force Continuum (2001, LFB Scholarly Publishing). He recently completed a National Institute of Justice grant geared toward examining the variation in American less lethal use of force policies and the various outcomes associated with the different policies, as well as a private foundation grant involving an observational study of the police. He earned his PhD in 2000 from the School of Criminal Justice at Rutgers University, Newark.

• The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

• The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: *This manuscript is based on data from the Project on Policing Neighborhoods, supported by Grant No. 95-IJ-CX-0071 by the National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Points of view in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice.

• © SAGE Publications 2012

Sorry this daily recap is a bit late, we had another site outage last night that occurred before I was ready to publish the update.

Anyway, here are the 18 reports of police misconduct tracked in our National Police Misconduct News Feed for this Tuesday, February 8, 2012:

• 2 Mason OH cops are the subject of a lawsuit claiming that they continued to repeatedly taser, kick, and beat a man with batons after he was rendered incapacitated when they tasered him and he fractured his skull as he landed face-first on the pavement. They claim they kept tasering and beating him because he wouldn’t put his hands behind his back… until they realized he couldn’t. He died afterward. [3] bit.ly/wSDoXV

• Henderson NV is settling a lawsuit for $158k to a man who was repeatedly kicked in the head by a cop when he was yanked from his car after stopped for erratic driving while he was suffering from diabetic shock. Officers can be heard on the dashcam talking about being worried that it was caught on video. [0] bit.ly/wauaUc

• Indian River Co FL deputy has been fired after dashcam video, above, contradicted his report in an excessive force incident where the deputy pulled over and repeatedly tasered a cuffed suspect in the back of his cruiser because he was being loud and obnoxious. [0] bit.ly/wGIEL3

• Pittsburgh PA plans to offer $75k to absolve the city in the Jordan Miles beating case. The lawsuit will continue against police department for the officers who brutally beat him when they claimed they mistook a 2 litre soda bottle in his pocket for a gun. [0] bit.ly/x5iW7A

• 2 Prince George’s Co MD cops are under investigation after video contradicted their report about a shooting incident. [1] cbsloc.al/yWSuvC

• new York NY settled a class action lawsuit for $15,000,000 to approx 22,000 people who were charged based on a loitering law that was later found to be unconstitutional. [0] on.wsj.com/wv2BQp

• Meanwhile, new York NY police are now being sued by the NYCLU for their practice of bringing stop & frisk to private property and apartment buildings including a case where a man in his pajamas was cited for trespassing in his own yard while he was taking out the trash. [3] bit.ly/ydhpEH

• Furthermore, 2 new York NY undercover cops are being accused of making a retaliatory arrest against a copwatcher who has been filming police making stop & frisks. The officers arrested him during a stop and frisk for having a small pen knife. [5] bit.ly/xWv7SW

• Bradford Co FL deputy who worked as a school cop has been charged with having unlawful sex with a minor after he was fired for domestic violence and child neglect recently. [0] bit.ly/yR3FyD

• Houston TX police are being investigated for detaining people without charge and racking a shotgun as a threat of force while they were responding to a noise complaint at a Free Thinkers conspiracy group’s party, all of which was captured on multiple cellphone cameras. [0] bit.ly/zgvGXW

• Portland OR police are being accused of making false arrests of people who were not associated with an anti-police brutality protest, let alone some of the vandalism that occured during that protest. one of the arrested people was allegedly grabbed by police while he was yelling at protesters to get off his lawn. [3] bit.ly/wBUfYQ

• Vermont settles suit for $190k to the family of a woman who died after laying in the snow overnight after troopers went to the wrong address after a relative called asking for a welfare check the day before. [0] bfpne.ws/A5w2qg

• Ontario Provincial police officer has been charged with assault causing bodily harm in an unspecified off duty incident. [2] bit.ly/wNtGNg

• 2 new Orleans LA cops are the subject of a federal investigation on insurance fraud allegations involving a report about a stolen car and subsequent cover up. [0] bit.ly/yuVM5A

• Douglas Co MO deputy convicted of conspiracy to steal drugs from evidence and distribute narcotics, marijuana, and other stuff. [0] bit.ly/y4TNAJ

• Mahoning Co OH deputy agrees to retire after an investigation into unspecified misconduct discovered during a polygraph [1] bit.ly/w4dsIu

• Lee Co FL deputy suspended 4 days for using badge to intimidate a  property owner’s agent as he was inspecting an apartment that the officer’s girlfriend was being evicted from. [0] newspr.es/yvy7Q0

• Philadelphia PA cop gets probation & fine in plea deal for insurance fraud by falsely reporting his car was stolen. [0] bit.ly/zFmwIG

That’s it for today, stay safe out there!

NEW MILFORD — Police said they responded Wednesday night to an accident involving a pickup truck that collided with a bicycle ridden by an 11-year-old boy.

Police said the boy was taken by ambulance to the emergency room at Danbury Hospital, and his injuries did not appear to be life-threatening.

The accident happened at about 8:30 p.m. on Bennett Street. No further information was available on Wednesday night.

Here are the 25 reports of police misconduct tracked in our National Police Misconduct News Feed for this Friday, February 3, 2012:

• 2 St Louis MO cops investigated by FBI after one accused of shooting unarmed man to death while he begged for his life [3] bit.ly/zdPVRs

• Woodbridge NJ cop investigated after accused of beating man & his brother after he swore when he got parking ticket [3] mycj.co/wX4F2p

• Coon Rapids MN now-retired cop pleads guilty to sexually abusing boy multiple times while he was still an officer [0] bit.ly/ztYifW

• Fullerton CA police chief retires after taking 6 months of medical leave following fatal beating of homeless man [3] lat.ms/zW0mfm

• New York NY police sued alleging they harassed and subjected transgendered woman to cruel & unusual punishment [3] bit.ly/ysVJtp

• Chicago IL settles suit for $700k to family subjected to illegal raid by now-convicted cops who tried to extort cash[0] bit.ly/zJHBUD

• Miami FL police arrest blogger Carlos Miller and erase his video footage of police crackdown on Occupy protest [5] bit.ly/y2i3wI

• Quebec Provincial police sued by Muslim arrested, home raided for telling coworkers to “blow away the competition” [3] bit.ly/zCTlwS

• Fredericton NB police questioned over raid on blogger’s home in alleged “criminal libel” investigation, no charges [5] bit.ly/yI2GOy

• Canby OR police sued by man claiming cop broke his ribs during arrest for walking past police station while drunk [0] bit.ly/x62YaV

• 2 Dallas TX cops ordered by jury to pay $169k to man they arrested on false charges, a 3rd cop the jury also found had participated in the false arrest wasn’t made to pay anything.[3] dallasne.ws/ztdnQ7

• Los Angeles CA police sgt already charged w/burglary in an incident where a womaner peppersprayed him was arrested in yet another burglary case. [0] bit.ly/zmX8Vk

• Anne Arundel co MD cop arrested on conspiracy to distribute drugs & other charges after leaking info on raid [0] bit.ly/xqfJng

• North Carolina trooper arrested on fraud charge for claiming work injury when actually injured in fight w/wife [0] bit.ly/ytLv0x

• Whitehouse TX police chief & dept under investigation over alleged financial irregularities and other allegations [2] bit.ly/yuLq4E

• Reynoldsburg OH police investigated after incident involving cop’s mistress making threats while armed with a gun [0] bit.ly/z9JOj1

• Palmyra WI police chief fired for mishandling several cases including refusal to arrest man accused of flashing kids[0] bit.ly/yzstbZ

• Washington DC police sgt sentenced to 18mo jail for stealing $40k from elderly woman she met during investigation [0] bit.ly/y3aSy5

• Aldine TX ISD school police officer arrested on domestic assault charges alleging repeated assaults & death threats [0] bit.ly/AhI7gQ

• North Canton OH police lt charged w/felonious assault for firing gun in off-duty incident after police arrived [0] bit.ly/AyWCVO

• Woodward OK police detective charged w/13 felony counts for allegedly stealing meth from evidence [0] t.co/QE4SYqge

• Manatee co deputy suspended after allegedly elbowing clinic worker in face while she was stealing her med records [0] bit.ly/ACiKh7

• Okaloosa co FL deputy arrested on drunk driving charges after crashing motorcycle & refusing med help & breath test [0] bit.ly/yY51pZ

• Denver CO misses deadling to file appeal despite promises to fight ordered rehire of cops in brutality case [3] on9news.tv/zdWmsj

• Wrightsville Beach NC police criticized for refusing to release names of suspended cops contrary state law [4] bit.ly/xSVO2I

That’s it for today, stay safe out there.

AMBER WHITE, Age Now: 13, Missing: 01/26/2012. Missing From SPRINGFIELD, MO. ANYONE HAVING INFORMATION SHOULD CONTACT: Springfield Police Department (Missouri) 1-417-864-1810.

Endangered Runaway: AMBER WHITE (MO)

CORAL SPRINGS, Fla. –  Police say a South Florida mother managed to call 911 as a would-be burglar raped, beat and choked her while her newborn baby lay beside her on the bed.

Coral Springs police say dispatchers heard the assault taking place Sunday night after the 25-year-old woman called 911 on her cell phone. Police set up a perimeter around the South Florida neighborhood and arrested 19-year-old Gary L. Holmes.

The woman tried to call police after the intruder managed to enter the home through a sliding door, but the phone was hit away while the dispatcher was on the phone, WSVN.com reported. the dispatcher reportedly could hear the struggle.

The call was traced to the woman’s home, the report said.

“The communications center received a second phone call a couple minutes later from a female occupant saying that somebody had broken in to her house, and that she was sexually assaulted; the suspect was running out of her house,” Coral Springs Police Sgt. Dave Kirkland said, according to WSVN.

Minutes later, multiple law enforcement agencies responded to the call and, after receiving a description of the suspect, confronted Holmes in front of another house, the station reported.
A witness to Holmes’ arrest said he was holding the knife to his neck, screaming “Bleep the police,” the station reported.

The baby, just a week old, was not harmed, the report said.

Authorities say Holmes faces multiple felony charges and is being held without bond in the Broward County Jail.

The Miami Herald reports Holmes walked through an open door and demanded valuables from the woman.

Click here for more on this story from WSVN.com

The associated Press contributed to this report.

Here are the 19 reports of police misconduct tracked in our National Police Misconduct News Feed for this weekend of February 4-5, 2012:

• A new video is contradicting new York NY cops version of the fatal shooting of a teen in the Bronx. The video shows the teen calmly walking into his home despite the police saying he ran from them and had an altercation with them. While this itself isn’t a new case against the officers since we’ve already tracked the fatal shooting incident, it appears as though they also burst into the family’s landlord’s place without a warrant looking for a gun and held her at gunpoint, which is a separate incident now. [5] bit.ly/y3HQUK

• Furthermore, the new York NY police are being accused of detaining the grandmother of the teen who was fatally shot by police for 7 hours and forcing her to give a statement against her will… again, this is yet another separate incident. [3] nyti.ms/yywKoZ

• Murfreesboro TN cops are accused of using excessive force on a 58yr-old immigrant from Nigeria who was mistaken for Laotian suspect. While police claim he was resisting arrest a witness who lives across the street from the man is contradicting that claim. [3] bit.ly/xNqTwJ

• Alberta sheriff was found to have used excessive force on a deaf and rather ill 52yr-old at court but the prosecutor refuses to charge him for it regardless of the findings. [0] bit.ly/xW7cNq

• Montreal QC police are being investigated over aggressive behavior shown on video, including an officer apparently hitting a protester with a baton, during student protest that left 2 students injured. [1] huff.to/xsWh9Z

• NFTA NY police officer sentenced to probation in plea deal for sending lewd text messages to a teen girl. [0] bit.ly/xMrhPc

• 2 Palm Beach co FL deputies under investigation on allegations of perjury over their convoluted testimony during a drug case that resulted in the man being acquitted of most charges against him. [3] bit.ly/x7Qx3G

• Miami FL undercover officers in the “Crime Suppression Unit” are the subject of a continuing FBI drug trafficking & corruption investigation. [0] bit.ly/yLkyKW

• Demopolis AL police arrest and won a conviction against a grandmother for crossing state lines to buy cold medicine for her grandkids. [0] on.thec-l.com/y3nbZk

• Texas City TX cop was charged with felony injury to a child after an investigation into unspecified allegations. [1] bit.ly/wmsU2Y

• US CBP border patrol agent is being investigated after allegedly forcing a school bus off the road & threatening students on it in an apparent road rage incident. [3] bit.ly/zdN0hK

• Memphis TN cop arrested on assault & vandalism charges for attacking her boyfriend & damaging a police cruiser after her arrest [0] bit.ly/wVhMfg

• Philadelphia PA cop gets probation and fine after caught on video stealing from bar while responding to a burglar alarm call [0] bit.ly/xiMKcu

• Paso Robles CA police sued by cop alleging he was disciplined for failing to meet illegal ticket quota [3] bit.ly/zSfOTW

• New Ulm MN cop not charged after investigation finds he was doing 70+mph w/o lights & siren in crash that killed 2 [0] bit.ly/yWihpS

• Tarrant AL police sgt charged w/9 counts of theft of firearms from evidence after resigning during investigation [0] bit.ly/xiUVvV

• Craig CO police chief apologizes for accidentally leaving his firearm in a public restroom, no discipline taken [0] on9news.tv/zuAJ7V

• Carbon co UT sheriff’s captain subject of criminal investigation for alleged vandalism of several cars at auto shop [1] bit.ly/yT8eAU

• Portsmouth VA cop, president of VA police union gets special deal reducing DUI charge to reckless driving [0] bit.ly/x5dUzL

That’s it for today, stay safe out there!

Sorry folks, sort of fell asleep before posting this last night, probably because I started that second job now and things are pretty hectic.

Anyway, here are the 22 reports of police misconduct tracked in our National Police Misconduct News Feed for this Thursday, February 2, 2012:

• New York NY police fatally shoot unarmed teen in front of family in apt after chase over suspected pot possession [1] bit.ly/zF4fIi

• Calumet City IL police investigated after fatally shooting 15yr-old autistic kid who threatened them w/butterknife [0] cbsloc.al/wNenWJ

• Bella Vista AR police lose $20k jury judgment to family of man fatally shot after chase, cop pled to neg homicide [0] bit.ly/yr4oP7

• Tennessee trooper sued for leaving the scene & leaving man to die after car he chased crashed then caught fire [3] bit.ly/zS5pn5

• Charleston co SC deputies shown beating chase suspect & petting k9 as it attacked him, sheriff admits slapping him [1] bit.ly/yyK4D4

• Norfolk VA offers to settle after sued by woman beaten by cops who thought she was stealing her own car [0] bit.ly/zBEBPw

• DeKalb co GA cop w/history of 30 infractions suspended 10 hours for using excessive force during false arrest [1] bit.ly/zW6c6T

• Denver CO cop suspended 4 days for slamming cuffed shoplifting suspect face-first into wall & floor on video [0] on9news.tv/wrgVnX

• Bayonne NJ cop loses $91k jury decision to woman who sued claiming he used excessive force & falsely arrested her [3] bit.ly/w0W9UA

• Cleveland OH police sued by gay couple claiming cops beat them then told them “faggots don’t deserve pants in jail” [3] bit.ly/AEnIZJ

• Dalworrth Gardens TX cop indicted for allegedly sexually assaulting woman he arrested on traffic violation warrant [0] bit.ly/zlobPJ

• Reading PA cop charged on allegations he helped two men set up a sex trafficking ring including girls under 18 [0] bit.ly/xjzTmu

• Rockdale co GA deputy investigated for alleged inappropriate relaitionship w/student as school resource officer [0] bit.ly/zm7mpe

• San Francisco CA police sued by man who spent 18yrs in prison after wrongfully convicted on false testimony [3] bit.ly/xMGCAn

• Pinellas co FL deputy investigated after breaking copwatcher’s camera & arresting him for filming police [3] on.wtsp.com/xzRd3W

• Haskell TX police sued by 2 woman & a juvenile claiming drug planting cop ordered their illegal strip search [3] bit.ly/ArbY02

• Newark NJ cop fired for threatening FedEx driver after missing delivery, officials say he had “too many strikes” [0] bit.ly/zBwKCr

• Fullerton CA sued by towing company claiming police have been harassing, falsely detaining & citing their drivers [3] bit.ly/wE7auM

• Detroit MI cop still on duty after neighbors say she fired gun 2x during DV incident, cop says she tripped [3] bit.ly/Av7Unr

• Houston TX cop convicted on corruption charges for providing escort to agents posing as drug runners [0] bit.ly/yv85Qa

That’s it for today, stay safe out there!

JESSICA SMITH, Age now: 11, Missing: 02/07/2012. Missing From FORT WORTH, TX. ANYONE HAVING INFORMATION SHOULD CONTACT: Fort Worth Police Department (Texas) 1-817-335-4222.

Endangered Missing: JESSICA SMITH (TX)

BETSY ARAQUE, Age now: 14, Missing: 01/20/2012. Missing from ALPAUGH, CA. ANYONE HAVING INFORMATION SHOULD CONTACT: Tulare County Sheriff’s Office (California) 1-559-733-6218.

NonFamily Abduction: BETSY ARAQUE (CA)